ABSTRACT
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children, which has a wide spectrum including the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)with its clinical consequences.At least 50% of obese children present NAFLD.Increased levels of free fatty acids and insulin resistance play major roles in NAFLD progression, resulting in excessive accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes.Lactobacillus rhamnoides is one of the most thoroughly studied intestinal probiotics, and its role in NAFLD progress has been growingly concerned.Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG alleviates NAFLD in children by improving intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, increasing intestinal barrier integrity, promoting fatty acid β-oxidation, and reducing hepatic triglyceride accumulation via regulating bile acid metabolism.Recent studies have shown that microRNAs are involved in multiple pathways to alleviate NAFLD-associated lipid metabolism disorders, which are functional as noninvasive diagnostic marker of fatty liver disease in children.This review mainly summarizes that Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG improves NAFLD in children from multiple metabolic pathways, aiming to provide a new strategy and target for the treatment and early diagnosis of NAFLD in children.